The Institutional Context of Cis: a Model for Development
نویسندگان
چکیده
The institutional context in which CIS operate has failed to evolve with either the rate of software and hardware developments, or the numbers of systems installed. This realization has been dawning on the CIS community over a number of years, and has led to studies such as the Wisconsin Land Records Committee and the Minnesota Inventory of Mapping Systems. The failure of institutions to evolve in the context of GIS is rapidly resulting in costly and repetitive efforts in database development and expertise at all levels of government, and in other areas. In this paper we will present a generalized model for the idealized institutional setting of GIS. The model is independent of implementation and could be realized in a continuous spectrum of contexts from fully manual to fully automated, and in size from Federal Government to small city or private company. The main elements are a central database with catalog and coordinating organization, access by as many users as require, secure databases for users if needed, and the implementation of standards.
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تاریخ انتشار 2008